Xenical (Orlistat)
What is Xenical
Xenical, known generically as Orlistat, is a weight loss medication that works by preventing the absorption of dietary fat in the body. It is primarily prescribed to help obese individuals lose weight, especially when combined with a reduced-calorie diet and exercise. Xenical is the prescription-strength version of Orlistat, while a lower-dose, over-the-counter version is sold under the brand name Alli.
Xenical works by inhibiting the action of lipase, an enzyme in the digestive system that breaks down fat molecules so they can be absorbed by the body. When lipase activity is blocked, approximately 30% of the fat you eat passes through the intestines undigested and is eliminated in the stool. This reduction in fat absorption helps to decrease overall calorie intake, promoting weight loss. Unlike other weight loss medications that act on the brain to suppress appetite, Xenical acts directly on the digestive system, making it suitable for long-term use.
Recommendations
Xenical is recommended as part of a comprehensive weight management plan, which includes a reduced-calorie diet and regular physical activity. It is usually prescribed in the following situations:
• Obesity treatment;
• Preventing weight regain;
• Adjunct to diet and exercise.
The usual dose of Xenical is one 120 mg capsule taken with each main meal containing fat, up to three times a day. It should be taken during the meal or within one hour of eating. Patients are advised to distribute their daily fat intake evenly across meals to minimize the risk of gastrointestinal side effects.
Precautions and Contraindications
Before starting Xenical, several health conditions should be considered, as they may affect the safety or efficacy of the medication. Xenical may not be suitable for everyone:
• Chronic malabsorption syndrome;
• Cholestasis;
• History of kidney stones;
• Liver disease;
• Pregnancy;
• Diabetes.
Your healthcare provider will assess your overall health and any pre-existing conditions before prescribing Xenical to ensure that it is a safe and appropriate treatment for you.
Interactions
Xenical can interact with other medications, which may lead to changes in effectiveness or increase the risk of side effects. It is important to inform your healthcare provider of all medications, supplements, and over-the-counter products you are taking. Common interactions include:
• Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K);
• Anticoagulants (blood thinners);
• Cyclosporine;
• Levothyroxine;
• Amiodarone.
Always provide your healthcare provider with a complete list of your current medications to prevent dangerous interactions and ensure the safe use of Xenical.
Side Effects
Like all medications, Xenical can cause side effects. Many are related to its mechanism of action and are mild, but some can be serious and may require medical attention. Common side effects include:
• Gastrointestinal issues;
• Abdominal pain or discomfort;
• Flatulence;
• Oily spotting.
More serious side effects are less common but can include:
• Kidney stones;
• Severe liver injury;
• Allergic reactions.
If you experience any severe side effects, such as persistent abdominal pain, severe allergic reactions, or symptoms of liver damage, seek medical attention immediately.
Before You Start Xenical Treatment
Before starting Xenical, your healthcare provider will evaluate your medical history and discuss any potential risks. This may include:
• Assessment of nutrition;
• Kidney function tests;
• Detailed medication review;
• Dietary advice.
It is essential to follow your doctor’s instructions carefully, including diet recommendations and dosing schedules, for safe and effective treatment with Xenical.
Overdose
An overdose of Xenical can be serious and may lead to symptoms such as:
• Severe gastrointestinal distress, including abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting;
• Persistent diarrhea or oily stools;
• Severe headache or dizziness.
If you suspect an overdose, seek emergency medical help immediately. Overdosing on Xenical can lead to dehydration, nutrient deficiencies, and other serious complications.